Map of Europe, 1933
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Nazi March
From the book Adolf Hitler Bilder aus dem Leben des Fuehrers (Adolf Hitler Pictures from the Life of the Fuhrer). Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Lester and Joy Binger in memory of Lloyd Binger, 188.85.46

Portraits of Jews who perished in the Holocaust:

Sosha and Lizer Eisenhandler with family. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ruth Metzger Bader, 233.88

Arthur Horowitz. Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Joseph Mayer, Debbie Mayer and Edie Mayer Silberstein, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies, 5008.84

Portrait of Judith Steinberger. Collection of Jehuda Lindenblatt.

Hanna Povrosnik. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Clara Posner, 381.88

Sack family and bride’s family before the wedding, possibly during engagement. Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Mala Wassner, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies, 5133.88

Willer family portrait. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Rina Elisha, 60.98

Moishe with father and friend. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ruth Metzger Bader, 245.88

Gula Kolton and Paya Alter. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Clara Posner, 379.88

Wedding portrait photograph of Klara Buczaczer and groom. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ethel Linder Stoll, 1226.90

Pepi Fierstein. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ralph Fierstein-Feuerstein and Regina Cajgfinger Feuerstein, 1358.90

Fredzia Blacharowitz. Collection of Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Fay Fischgold, 540.91

Map of Weimar Republic circa 1930
Courtesy of Alphathon

Weimar inflation money, I billion mark bill
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Eleanor Field and Margaret Klein, 264.96

German banknotes
Collection of Robert Jan Van Pelt

New York Times 11/11/1918 headline

Negotiators for the Treaty of Versailles, 1919. Taken by Helen Johns Kirtland.
Public domain via Library of Congress

A merchant uses a banknote as scrap
Original in collection of the Bundesarchiv

Newsreel footage – CBS – Bread lines in Europe, 1919
National Archive

Poster of Hitler: “The army of work and peace answers the Fuehrer with: Yes!”
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, 510.96

Children doing Heil Hitler salutes
From the book Adolf Hitler Bilder aus dem Leben des Fuehrers (Adolf Hitler Pictures from the Life of the Fuhrer). Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Lester and Joy Binger in memory of Lloyd Binger, 188.85.20

Images from Der Giftpilz (The Poison Mushroom)
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ralph Goodman, 1365.91

SS soldiers with guns
From the book Adolf Hitler Bilder aus dem Leben des Fuehrers (Adolf Hitler Pictures from the Life of the Fuhrer). Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Elsie O. Sang in memory of Philip D. Sang, 172.88.13

Two SS Soldiers
From the book Adolf Hitler Bilder aus dem Leben des Fuehrers (Adolf Hitler Pictures from the Life of the Fuhrer). Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Lester and Joy Binger in memory of Lloyd Binger, 188.85.41

Testimony of Molly Blatt, 1994
Interviewed by Joni-Sue Blinderman
Museum of Jewish Heritage
A Living Memorial to the Holocaust

Yellow Star (Jude)
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Esther Tikotzki 2.90

Four children, two wearing stars 
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage. Gift of Merry Weinberger, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies, 5227.82

Sinti and Roma in front of caravans, 1937
Bundesarchiv, Bild146-1997-019-27A / CC-BY-SA 3.0

The Michael family: Juliane Wonja, Martha, Theodor (on Martha’s lap), Christiane, Theophilus and James, 1927

Theodor Wonja Michael
Original in the Bundesarchiv, Bundesarchiv, Bild 102-15664 / CC-BY-SA 3.0

Theodor Wonja Michael video
Based on the Schwarz Rot Gold Webseries
Produced/Directed by Jermain & Laurel Raffington
Camera: Felix Gaedtke
Sound: Gayatri Parameswaran

Wedding of Elsa Buxbaum and Seligmann Baer Bamberger
Collection of Joseph A. and Dorothy Frank Bamberger

Chart to describe the Nuremberg Laws of 1935

Antisemitic sign with yellow star

Jewish sports club blouse
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Mary Levinsky, 417.96

MS St. Louis

Telegram from Vienna to Kestenbaum Furs in New York
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage. Gift of Shirley Schulder, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies, 5249.81

Bauer family home after Kristallnacht destruction
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Henry Bauer in memory of Irma, Ludwig and Werner Bauer, 1899.90 – 1905.90

Hauptsynagogue Mannheim after Kristallnacht
Collection of Marianne Adler Aaron

Torah scroll
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Joseph A. Bamberger and family

Dr. Seligmann Baer Bamberger
Collection of Joseph A. Bamberger.

The day after Kristallnacht

Jews Rounded up after Kristallnacht

New York Times front page September 1, 1939

Mountain Systems of Europe map
Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division

Building a wall around the Kraków ghetto
Original in the collection of the Bundesarchiv

Four Jews with stars on coats
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Henry Kerstein, 2787.89

German soldier pulling/cutting elderly man’s beard in Zawiercie ghetto
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Jan Jakob Smulewicz, 1175.91

Armband marked with a Jewish star issued to Lazar Chaim Birnbaum in Kraków
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Gail Birnbaum Kraushar, 2013.38.1

Aron Gross and Lipa Weiss wearing armbands with star of David
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage. Gift of Aron Gross, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies, 5001.88

1939 Map of Europe
created by Richard Edes Harrison

Auschwitz II-Birkenau

Red Army soldiers in the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
Library of Congress

German propaganda poster
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Leslie, Judith and Gabri Schreyer and Alice Schreyer Batko in memory of Oscar Schreyer, 2005.A.34

2011 photo of Chelmno extermination camp by Pawel Schmidt

Socks
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ruth Gamser Gruener

Ruth Gruener as a child

Ruth Gruener portrait by B.A. Van Sise

Photo of Yad Vashem

Righteous Among the Nations Avenue at Yad Vashem

Righteous Among the Nations: Milena Jesenká

Righteous Among the Nations: Elisabeth Abegg

Righteous Among the Nations: Chiune Sugihara

Righteous Among the Nations: Raoul Wallenberg

Righteous Among the Nations: Odoardo Focherini

Righteous Among the Nations: Ho Feng Shan

Westerbork, Netherlands, Jews boarding a deportation train to Auschwitz

Child’s shoe with sock
Collection of the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum

Entrance to Auschwitz-Birkenau

Akron-Beacon Journal, May 7, 1945

Comb
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Ruth Mermelstein

Roll call in front of the kitchen building. From “The Auschwitz Album,” originals at Yad Vashem.

Image from the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Roza Robota

Róża Robota (top left) and five comrades of the Hashomer Hatzair Zionist youth movement in Ciechanów, Poland (1930)
Original in the collection of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Auschwitz Liberated, 1945

Skirt, blouse, and bag
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Jack and Thea Gottesmann

Couples at Ulm Displaced Persons (DP) Camp
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Toby Knobel Fluek

Yshaya Braner and other boys on bicycle
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Yshaya Bar-Chama, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies

Gathering of Displaced Persons at Zeilsheim Displaced Persons (DP) camp
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Albin H. White

Hannah Koblentz and friend
Collection of the Museum of Jewish Heritage, gift of Hannah Koblentz Shulman, Yaffa Eliach Collection donated by the Center for Holocaust Studies

Calanit (Mala) crowded deck, looking to land
Collection of Murray and Hana Greenfield